8) This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level, required for this unit. Evidence shall show that a basic knowledge has been acquired of lighting, light sources and luminaries. The knowledge and skills shall be contextualised to current industry standards, technologies and practices. KS01-EG181A Illumination and lighting principles Evidence shall show an understanding of illumination and lighting principles to an extent indicated by the following aspects: T1 Technology of light encompassing: Electromagnetic spectrum and visible (frequency/wave length) range Light output from a source (luminous flux), efficacy of different types of lamps and terms, units and symbols used. Light intensity — definition, terms, units, symbols and relationship with luminous flux Illuminance — definition, terms, unit, symbol and relationship with luminous flux and environmental factors Significance of inverse square law on illuminance Luminance — definition, term, unit, symbol and relationship with luminous intensity and illuminance Vision and illuminance standards for particular environments and activities T2 Nature of light encompassing: Primary and additive colours Frequency and colour that light is perceived Comparison of the colour spectrum of sunlight and light generated from different lamp types. Colour temperature scale and the perceived colour of a light source Colour rendering and colour distortion. T3 Incandescent lamp encompassing: Types and principles Features — envelope, filament type and temperature (K), fill gas, cap and common power ratings Effect of filament evaporation over time Effect on parameters ( ϕ, η, P, hr) with variations in rated voltage Application and future T4 Fluorescent lamps encompassing: Type T series — basic principle, double and single phosphor coating and CRI; expectations (efficacy [ l/w]; visual ambience [K]; visual satisfaction [CRI]; life [ hr]) Type T accessories — basic operation of electromagnetic ballast; starter; capacitor; features and advantage of electronic ballast. Compact fluorescent (CFL) types — integrated and non-integrated ballasts; form; rating for equivalent light out of GLS lamp; Application and future T5 High intensity discharge (HID) lamps encompassing: Mercury lamp — types (blended light lamps and high pressure (HP) lamp), structural features, spectral intensity and CRI Metal halide lamp — principles, structural features, lamp forms, spectral intensity and CRI Application and future T6 LED lamps encompassing: Types, structural features, spectral intensity and CRI Application and future T7 Luminaires (Light fittings) encompassing: Mechanical function and components (include ingress protection rated enclosure with suitable mounting arrangement; mechanisms to accommodate lamp(s), electrical ancillaries when needed; optical system and excessive temperature rise). Ingress Protection (IP) ratings and examples of their application to luminaires Electrical function and components (Electrical components must be appropriate for the insulation class or ELV fault protection and include supply terminals; lamp holder(s); electrical ancillaries when needed; and appropriated nternal wiring). Optical function and components (Optical components include a variety of mechanism to: distribute light, direct light, filter light and/or limit glare; and achieve maximum possible light output ratio). Light output ratio of common typical luminaire without and with reflector and diffuser mechanisms. Light distribution and reading a polar luminance distribution curve. Classification of light distribution and beam spreadTypes and features of indoor luminaires (Features include light distribution, symmetry, screening and utilisation factor) Types and features of outdoor luminaires (Features include types of light distribution and reflector control) Examples of currently available luminaires for indoor and outdoor applications. |